台北新竹英文家教

文法 – 分詞構句(獨立分詞構句)

1.    當副詞子句要簡化成分詞構句，但副詞子句的主詞與主要子句的主詞不一致時，其簡化過程要將連接詞省略，其後副詞子句的主詞保留下來，語態(voice)是主動，則將副詞子句的動詞簡化成[ verb-ing ]，若是被動，則將副詞子句的動詞簡化成[ p.p. ]。這種分詞構句稱為獨立分詞構句。

1)   Before her son went to bed, she would read a story to him.

      = Her son going to bed, she would read a story to him.

(表示時間的分詞構句)

2)   When janitor came to clean her classroom, Mrs. Robertson went home.

      = Janitor coming to clean her classroom, Mrs. Robertson went home.

(表示時間的分詞構句)

3)   If it rains, we would rather stay at home and watch TV instead of going shopping.

      = It raining, we would rather stay at home and watch TV instead of going shopping. (表示條件的分詞構句)

4)   As Mr. Donald was still busy this Sunday, his wife took their children to see a movie.

      = Mr. Donald being still busy this Sunday, his wife took their children to see a movie. (表示原因的分詞構句)

5)   Because she is good at English, many participants from the U.S. like to talk to her in the conference meeting.

      = She being good at English, many participants from the U.S. like to talk to her in the conference meeting. (表示原因的分詞構句)

6)   Although Daniel was very smart, this question baffled him completely.

      = Daniel being very smart, this question baffled him completely.

      (表示讓步的分詞構句)

7)   Mr. Long arrived at office at nine, and his customers came in ten minutes later.

      = Mr. Long arriving at office at nine, and his customers came in ten minutes later. (表示連續的分詞構句)

8)   He is not a member of this project team, so I will not invite him to attend the project review meeting.

      = He not being a member of this project team, so I will not invite him to attend the project review meeting. (表示原因的分詞構句)

9)   Since her skin itches in winter, she will apply some lotion on her body after taking a bath. (表示原因的分詞構句)

      = With her skin itching in winter, she will apply some lotion on her body after taking a bath. (參考句型171 with + 受詞 +受詞補語)

      = Her skin itching in winter, she will apply some lotion on her body after taking a bath.

10)    Because no money was left, she went to see her brother to borrow some.

         = Without any money left, she went to see her brother to borrow some.

         (參考句型171 with + 受詞 +受詞補語)

         = No money left, she went to see her brother to borrow some.

2.    當對等連接詞( and )連接二個對等子句，而二個主詞不一致時，也可以簡化成為分詞構句，其簡化過程要將對等連接詞省略，其後對等子句的主詞保留下來，語態(voice)是主動，則將對等子句的動詞簡化成[ verb-ing ]，若是被動，則將對等子句的動詞簡化成[ p.p. ]。這種分詞構句也稱為獨立分詞構句。

1)   Profuse sweat ran down my cheek, and I turned on the air-conditioner.

      = Profuse sweat ran down my cheek, I turning on the air-conditioner.

2)   My dad listened to music, and one of his feet tapped on the floor to follow the tempo of music.

      = My dad listened to music, one of his feet tapping on the floor to follow the tempo of music.

3)   My boss blamed me for my mistakes in the product design in a meeting, and I felt innocent because I had not been in charge of R&D for two years.

      = My boss blamed me for my mistakes in the product design in a meeting, I feeling innocent because I had not been in charge of R&D for two years.

4)   A strong earthquake lasted for two minutes, and a few of old buildings were torn down in the twinkling of an eye.

      = A strong earthquake lasted for two minutes, a few of old buildings torn down in the twinkling of an eye.