關係子句 入門 2   關係子句主格受格與所有格

 

關係子句(Relative Clause)又稱形容詞子句(Adjective Clause),是關係代名詞或關係副詞引導出來的一個從屬子句。而關係代名詞與人稱代名詞一樣有主格受格與所有格之分,請參閱下表

 

                              關係代名詞             關係代名詞               關係代名詞

先行詞                     主格                       受格                        所有格   

                                   whothat                     whomthat                    whose

事物與動物              whichthat                   whichthat                     whose

、事物與動物            that                                that                                  N/A

                                                              (可以用who代替whom)

 

 

我們利用幾個例子說明關係代名詞主格受格與所有格的應用

 

[ 1 ]

My dad bought a comic book for my little brother last week.  我父親上個禮拜買一本漫畫書給我的弟弟

He lent it to Wallace yesterday.  他昨天把那本漫畫書借給Wallace

合併二個句子,同時引導出來的一個從屬子句(就是關係子句)

Last week, my dad bought a comic book for my little brother who lent it to Wallace yesterday..

關係子句my little brother主格,他就是who

 

[ 2 ]

Sherry is my younger sister.  Sherry是我的妹妹

I sent her a gift yesterday.  昨天我送她一個禮物

合併二個句子,同時引導出來的一個從屬子句(就是關係子句)

Sherry is my younger sister whom I sent a gift yesterday.

關係子句her受格her就是whom

 

[ 3 ]

Vincent lives in L.A., and he is my pen pal.  Vincent住在L.A.,他是我的筆友

I sent a letter to him last week.  上週我寄一封信給他

合併二個句子,同時引導出來的一個從屬子句(就是關係子句)

Vincent lives in L.A., and he is my pen pal whom I send a letter to last week. (暫時)

Vincent lives in L.A., and he is my pen pal to whom I send a letter last week.

to移到whom之前

關係子句him受格him就是whom 

 

[ 4 ]

We met a girl at 7-11.  我們在7-11遇見一個女孩

Her eyes are blue.  她的眼睛是藍色的

合併二個句子,同時引導出來的一個從屬子句(就是關係子句)

At 7-11, we met a girl whose eyes are blue.

關係子句whose所有格

 

[ 5 ]

We know Mike.  我們認識Mike 

His performance is quite good at school.  他在學校的表現很好

合併二個句子,同時引導出來的一個從屬子句(就是關係子句)

We know Mike whose performance is quite good at school.

關係子句whose所有格

 

其他重點 - 關係代名詞that

1.    關係代名詞之前的先行詞若有下列予以形容關係代名詞要使用that

       最高級的形容詞序數(1st, 2nd, )all, the only, very 

       The only thing that we can do now is to wait for his reply to our request.

       All that matters is money.

       I consider Nancy the prettiest girl that I have ever met.

       Bill is the first person that knows the secret.

2.    關係代名詞之前的先行詞若是下列複合字關係代名詞要使用that

       something, anything, everything, nothing

       There is nothing that we can do for him at this moment.

       Ray knows something that happened to us last night.

3.    關係代名詞that之前不能有[ , ]

       Everybody knows the White House, that the President of the United States works land lives.   (X)

       Everybody knows the White House, which the President of the United States works land lives.   (O)

       Everybody knows the White House, in which that the President of the United States works land lives.   (O)

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